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SAS uses higher signaling voltages (800–1,600 mV for transmit, and 275–1,600 mV for receive) than SATA (400–600 mV for transmit, and 325–600 mV for receive). SAS can use cables up to 10 m long, whereas SATA has a cable-length limit of 1 m or 2 m for eSATA.

SAS hardware allows multipath I/O to devices while SATA (prior to SATA 2.0) does not. SAS error-recovery and error-reporting uses SCSI commands, which have more functionality than the ATA SMARTcommands used by SATA drives.

SAS uses the SCSI command set, which includes a wider range of features like error recovery, reservations and block reclamation.

SATA uses a command set that is based on the parallel ATA command set.

Most SAS drives provide tagged command queuing, while most newer SATA drives provide native command queuing.

SAS protocol provides for multiple initiators in a SAS domain, while SATA has no analogous provision.

Both SAS and parallel SCSI use the SCSI command set.

May connect to SATA devices, either directly connected using native SATA protocol or through SAS expanders using Serial ATA Tunneling Protocol (STP).Feature dual ports, allowing for redundant backplanes or multipath I/O.Allows a transfer speed 3, 6 or 12 Gbit/s on each initiator-target connection.Allows up to 65,535 devices through the use of expanders, while Parallel SCSI has a limit of 8 or 16 devices on a single channel.Has no termination issues and does not require terminator packs.If one initiator is connected to one target, there is no opportunity for contention with parallel SCSI, even this situation could cause contention. Each SAS device is connected by a dedicated link to the initiator, unless an expander is used. The SAS bus operates point-to-point while the SCSI bus is multidrop.(*) S8 through S14 are no-connects on single-port implementations Advantages of SAS over parallel SCSI SAS SFF-8482 internal connector pinout Pin

There are more than six different physical SAS connectors variants. The reverse, connecting SAS drives to SATA backplanes, is not possible. This allows the connection of SATA drives to most SAS backplanes or controllers. SAS replaces the older Parallel SCSI (Parallel Small Computer System Interface) and, like its predecessor, uses the standard SCSI command set. SAS offers optional compatibility with Serial ATA (SATA), versions 2 and later.